The history of the relation between achievement tests and curriculum programs is reviewed, and it is concluded that content specialists are best qualified as sources of curricular goals to specify content, kinds of attainment, and standards. The specification of instructional intents is also considered from the perspective of modern cognition…

Basic skills being taught are often unrelated to skills required by new technologies. Teaching obsolete skills in minimum competency programs is useless, even racist. The concept of basic skills changes with emergent technology. Sound instructional systems require meaningful philosophy, goals, and awareness of the findings of developmental…

Identifies four categories of information required to develop realistic training programs in Third World countries. A description of the development of a set of workshops on nursing in connection with the Ministry of Health in a sub-Saharan African nation illustrates the effect of these types of information on program development. (JJD)

Suggestions offered to improve the quality of instructional computing software created by computer programming instructors cover analysis of the problem, program design, the development of each module, writing and debugging the program, and final testing and development. (EJS)

Significant correlations between measures of cognitive structure and performance were found using a procedure distinguishing between episodic and semantic memory as an heuristic with achievement test items. The design increased the likelihood of indications of semantic memory. Higher-order and lower-order cognitive processes are discussed.…

Describes the developmental stages of Operation 1000, Virginia Tech's program to increase enrollment in adult marketing and distributive education. The program consists of a series of prepackaged competency-based courses designed with built-in quality controls. (SK)

Presents competencies the school site administrator must have in order to foster the appropriate learning environment and suggests an integrated system of preservice and inservice training to foster these competencies. (Author/JM)

Traces the history of military efforts to systematize the design, development, installation, and operational training for a weapons system and discusses the current status of criterion referenced instruction in Army training programs. Steps being taken to remedy identified problems are described. (MER)

The principal must analyze curriculum content and instructional methods and correlate these with instructional objectives and outcomes. (JM)

Findings of a series of studies of teachers and novice instructional designers indicate that prescriptive models of how instructional design should proceed frequently do not match the reality of practice. Appropriate changes in instructional design procedures are suggested. A bibliography of 26 items is included. (CHC)

Distinguishes between the process and products of science and describes the role of each in Instructional Development (ID). The observe, hypothesize, test components of the scientific process are examined as they apply to front-end analysis, instructional strategy description, and formative evaluation stages used in ID models. Thirty-four…

Describes an internal thought and control process which underlies an individual's ability to learn and apply specific instructional skills. Piaget's formal operation thought schema is discussed as a means of identifying the components of this process, and implications for instructional development trainers are presented. Sixteen references are…

Presents rationale and guidelines for assessing audience needs before workshops are planned. An initial checklist of appropriate information to gather is presented, and strategies for obtaining information are discussed. (BK)

Supervising teachers of adults requires sensitivity and skill in order to achieve a relationship of openness and trust. In their role of helping agents, supervisors identify needs, assist in classroom management, and provide opportunities for teacher improvement. (SK)

The goals of a series of simulation games devised for a graduate level course in leadership models and strategies were to aid students in understanding the process of change, conflict resolution, bargaining and negotiating skills, motivation and self-awareness techniques, and decision-making strategies. Four references are provided. (MER)