Argues that integration in counseling requires dialectical thinking in order to reconcile different visions of reality typically seen in divergent therapeutic traditions. Offers a model of integration based upon the superordinate concept of "the vicious cycle" derived from an ironic world view. Also provides an illustrative case study.…

Discusses the need for a student who is using computer-aided instruction to also study the actual learning process. Regardless of the superiority of the teaching materials, the restructuring of previously existing knowledge structures in the learner is difficult. Computer-aided instruction should be aimed at helping with this restructuring.…

Presents evidence that there exists much confusion regarding the connection between the algebraic and geometric aspects of slope, scale, and angle. Participants responded to a simple but non-standard task concerning the behavior of slope under a non-homogeneous change of scale. Analysis of the responses reveals two main approaches termed…

Views disability as opportunity for reframing physical and emotional difficulties. Explores strategies for facilitating personal healing and empowerment, including self-forgiveness and positive self-talk. (Authors/CM)

Randomly assigned homosexual men (N=104) with history of Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS) risk behavior to experimental and control groups. Experimentals received AIDS risk education, cognitive-behavioral self-management training, sexual assertion training, and social support development training. Experimentals greatly reduced frequency…

Tested efficacy of social problem-solving therapy for unipolar depression and examined relative contribution of training in problem-orientation component of the overall model. Dismantling research design, involving 39 depressed subjects, revealed problem-solving to be an effective cognitive-behavioral treatment approach for depression. (Author/TE)

Randomly assigned 250 depressed outpatients to interpersonal psychotherapy, cognitive-behavioral therapy, imipramine plus clinical management, or pill placebo plus clinical management treatments. All treatments demonstrated significant symptom reduction with few differences in general outcomes. None of the therapies produced consistent effects on…

Describes and evaluates an intervention to reduce anger in college students (N=29) which combines cognitive, relaxation, and behavioral coping skills. Results indicated the intervention seemed to be generally effective. (Author/ABL)

Reports on two studies on the dynamic relationships among parts of a thought system. The first study examines the effects of changes in the desirability or likelihood of a core event on thoughts about antecedents and consequences; the second examines the effects of changes in the antecedents and consequences on the core thought. (FMW)

A balance sheet technique enables counselors to help clients identify and overcome anxiety associated with career decision making. Steps include describing the problem, brainstorming alternatives, listing expected positive and negative outcomes in terms of self and others, seeking information, and choosing alternatives. (SK)

Evaluated behavioral and cognitive methods, relative to control condition, for treating 27 elderly insomniacs. Both treatment methods produced significant improvement on main outcome measure of awakening duration. Stimulus control yielded higher improvement rates than either imagery training or control condition on awakening duration and total…

Investigated effectiveness of imagery, music, and cognitive therapeutic techniques in reducing anxiety among 78 anxious college students. Found that familiar-sedative music plus imagery was most effective technique in reducing state anxiety compared to music, a cognitive intervention, or control group. (Author/NB)

Discusses ways that school counselors can empower children of alcoholics (COAs) by teaching them new ways of behaving and coping skills. Proposes that counselors can assist COAs through the use of cognitive behavior therapy in the school setting. Describes characteristics of COAs and family roles of hero, scapegoat, lost child, placater, and…

Used cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT), with religious content (RCT) or without (NRCT), to treat 59 depressed patients. RCT and pastoral counseling patients reported significantly lower posttreatment depression and adjustment scores than did either NRCT or control group. CBT differences were due largely to superior performance of nonreligious…

Depressed clients (n=117), stratified for severity, completed 8 or 16 sessions of manualized treatment, either cognitive-behavioral psychotherapy (CB) or psychodynamic-interpersonal psychotherapy (PI). On most measures, CB and PI were equally effective, irrespective of severity of depression or duration of treatment. Found evidence of some…