Shows how the ideas propounded in the notion of Type/Token-Taken (T/TT) informetrics relate to ones that are already well known in informetrics and resolves some of the specific problems posed. (MES)

A general linear model framework is used to suggest that structure coefficients ought to be interpreted in structural equation modeling confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) studies in which factors are correlated. Two heuristic data sets make the discussion concrete, and two additional studies illustrate the benefits of CFA structure coefficients.…

A revision of the initialization strategy is suggested for OSMOD, a method of nonlinear principal component analysis for multivariate nominal and/or ordinal data. The revision is effective in diminishing the possibility of obtaining locally optimal solutions with categorical data provided by the original version of OSMOD. (SLD)

Model modification problems in covariance structure analysis are examined. The Modification Index, suggesting modifications based on a test statistic's largest drop in overall value, and the Expected Parameter Change, suggesting modifications based on the removal of large specification errors, are applied to two specifications of the Wisconsin…

Centering a matrix row-wise and rescaling it column-wise to a unit sum of squares requires an iterative procedure. It is shown that this procedure converges to a stable solution that need not be centered row-wise. The results bear directly on several types of preprocessing methods in Parafac/Candecomp. (Author/TJH)

Relationships among the noncentrality parameter for the "F" distribution, mean square between and within groups, and effect size are examined. (Author)

Discusses the problem of data redundancy in a fuzzy relational data model and describes three existing frameworks of fuzzy data representation and redundancy treatment. A new treatment based on Zadeh's extension principle is proposed. (18 references) (MES)

It is shown that it is not easy to apply the EM algorithm to latent class models in the general case with equality constraints because a nonlinear equation has to be solved. A simpler condition is given in which the EM algorithm can be easily applied. (SLD)

Discusses the adaptive compression of computer files of numerical data whose statistical properties are not given in advance. A new lossless coding method for this purpose, which utilizes Adelson-Velskii and Landis (AVL) trees, is proposed. The method is effective to any word length. Its application to the lossless compression of gray-scale images…

Issues in the detection and interpretation of interaction effects between quantitative variables in multiple regression analysis are discussed. Recent discussions associated with problems of multicollinearity are reviewed in the context of the conditional nature of multiple regression with product terms. (TJH)

In matrix comparison, the performance of four vector matching indices (the coefficient of congruence, the Pearson product moment correlation, the "s"-statistic, and kappa) was evaluated. Advantages and disadvantages of each index are discussed, and the performance of each was assessed within the framework of principal components…

Application of equality constraints on the categories of a variable is a simple and useful extension of multiple correspondence analysis. Equality is an easy way to incorporate prior knowledge. A procedure to deal with unequal category numbers and with subsets of variables is outlined and illustrated. (SLD)

PARAFAC is a generalization of principal components analysis in a factor score matrix and in a factor loadings matrix. How PARAFAC behaves when applied to positive manifold data is examined, and a constrained PARAFAC method is offered for use when PARAFAC does not produce a positive manifold solution. (SLD)

Studies the evolution of information production processes and their relation to the Lorenz dominance order as a theoretical framework for bibliometrics. The relation between the total number of sources, the total number of items, the average production, and the maximum production are examined. Geometric illustrations are provided. (Contains 14…

A simplified version of successive intervals scaling is described. Scale values for various datasets obtained with simplified successive intervals scaling are approximately linearly related to those obtained with traditional successive intervals scaling and the method of pair comparisons. The ease of use and some cautions in method use are…