Presents literature relevant to initial group structure and advances a model of group development based upon personal construct theory. The proposed model illuminates the relationship between initial structure and the psychological processes underlying group development. Research questions are posited to advance empirical tests of the model. (RC)

Explores the social nature of denial and the functionality of denial in preserving relationships threatened by knowledge of terminal illness. Asserts that denial serves to forestall social withdrawal by the patient and his/her social circle, as well as promoting role enactments necessary to medical treatment. (Author)

Showed that depth of experiencing and shifts in awareness were higher following Gestalt intervention. Reported conflict resolution was also greater. Results support claims for the efficacy of Gestalt two-chair dialogue used in the context of a good working relationship in helping to resolve intrapsychic conflicts. (Author)

Developed scale for each sex to measure defensiveness about the marital relationship and to measure defensiveness about the sexual relationship of couples. Presents evidence to support that these content specific scales surpass a global defensiveness scale as a measure of defensiveness regarding couples' sexual or marital relationship. (Author)

Established differentiations among types of depression by examining the subjective experiences of depression. Results showed consistent differences among patients as a function of whether their experiences of depression focused primarily on issues of dependency and/or self-criticism or an absence of these issues. (Author)

Examined effect of emotion on recall of self-generated paired associates under conditions of immediate and delayed retention. Results showed that, with immediate retention, recall of associates to emotional stimuli was significantly lower than to neutral stimuli and, with delayed retention, associations to emotional stimuli were better recalled.…

Discusses counselor feelings of loss due to client departure from therapy. Describes components of loss within a five-stage model including denial, anger, bargaining, depression, and acceptance. Outlines strategies for coping with counselor loss. Suggests feelings of loss are natural. (RC)

Reviews literature on the social psychological orientations of low-income youth that bear upon their employment and nonemployment experiences. Describes several youth employment programs in terms of their social psychological impacts, outlines a theoretical framework, and makes suggestions for future research. (Author/GC)

Results of this study indicated that therapists judged angry clients less favorably than sad clients. Experienced therapists showed greater tolerance of anger. Therapists intervened less with angry clients than with depressed clients; and angry clients received less supportiveness, less directiveness, and fewer requests for information.…

Assessed anxiety scores of 70 male and female students (28 right-handers, 23 left-handers and 19 mixed-handers) for relationship to the handedness classification of each individual. Found females showed higher anxiety scores than males; left-handers and mixed-handers were more anxious than right-handers; and extremes of handedness were more…

Studied whether smokers and nonsmokers hold systematically different attitudes on tobacco smoking. Smoking-related Likert type attitude items were selected for analysis from a longer questionnaire. Results indicated both smoking and nonsmoking college students expressed highly similar unfavorable attitudes toward smoking but nonsmokers expressed…

Compared the effectiveness of Transcendental Meditation (TM) and Progressive Relaxation. At posttest the TM group displayed more significant results (decreases in neuroticism, and drug use). Both groups were less anxious. Explained the more pronounced results for meditators in terms of time spent on the technique plus differences between…

Women were found to have much fewer positive work features than men and to consider their lives outside of work as more important than work. But women did not report significantly greater tedium (defined as a general experience of physical, emotional, and mental exhaustion) than men. (Author/GC)

Hypothesized that selected personality variables, could positively predict loneliness; and self-esteem and extraversion could negatively predict loneliness scores. Studied two groups of subjects: Iranian college students in American colleges and Iranian students in Iranian universities. Results confirmed the directions stated in the research…

In an attempt to assess a person's orientation toward death, a self-administered form of the Threat Index (TI) was introduced and compared to the original interview form along dimensions of validity, reliability, internal consistency, and independence from social desirability response sets. Results supported theoretical and psychometric soundness…