A study of one pharmacy school's graduates (n=335) found women were as productive in, committed to, and satisfied with the profession of pharmacy as men. Except for management activities, men and women spent a similar percentage of time performing various job tasks. There was no difference in practice site distribution. (Author/MSE)

Gives overall labor force projections with a closer look at 3 groups with significant changes: men age 25-54, people 55 and over, and women 20-44. Depicts projected population changes and implications of the projections in terms of median age of the labor force, age composition of the population, and economic dependency ratios. (SK)

Using data from the 1989 Canadian Labour-Market Activity Survey, when occupation is treated as a productivity-related characteristic, gender wage gap estimates are distorted. Using a larger number of occupations, the occupational aggregation by gender reflects barriers women face in attempting to enter male-dominated occupations. (SK)

Examination of changes in 495 occupations from 1950-1990 shows an increased likelihood of tasks with high levels of complexity and social interaction, decreased likelihood of fine or gross motor skills or harsh climatic conditions. There is evidence that jobs have become polarized on the need for fine motor skills and level of social interaction.…

In the globalized world economy three types of jobs are emerging: routine production, in-person service, and symbolic analysis. In Australia, routine production is still the largest category, females outnumber males in service, and only one in five are symbolic analysts, predominantly male. Vocational education and training must change focus and…

Using self-reported sex discrimination data from the National Longitudinal Survey of Young Women, a study found that working women who report discrimination are more likely to change employers or interrupt their labor force participation. However, women who report discrimination do not accrue less experience or have lower wage growth. (SK)

Trends indicate that students in Africa will most likely find successful employment in the field of agriculture rather than industry. Examines major overhauls in curricula needed to instill in schoolchildren a respect for farming and give them the agricultural skills critical for success. (LZ)

The 1985 Current Population Survey found about 10 percent of nonmetro married couples (about 1.4 million) had at least 1 spouse who moonlighted (working more than 1 job). Moonlighting was associated with having children, higher income, farm affiliation, and enabling work schedules. Employment opportunities and economic needs differed by…

Surveys of 900 manufacturers in Hungary and Bulgaria show that transition to a market economy is (1) marginalizing women, affected by segregation, layoff risk, and discrimination; (2) diminishing labor market role of older workers; and (3) increasing difficulties faced by youth seeking employment, whose skills do not match new employment needs.…

Uses statistical data from Youth Development Study to examine gender differences in work histories of adolescents. Following findings are discussed: females enter workforce earlier than males; females progress from informal work settings to more formal settings, whereas reverse is often true for males; and males tend to increase intensity of…

Assessed perceptions of officials (n=51) of state departments of education regarding school counseling. Determined there had been an increase in the number of school counseling positions with 27 percent indicating that insufficient numbers of certified counselors existed to fill positions. Most states reported policies allowing employment before…

Improved articulation between secondary and postsecondary vocational education and individualized approaches to training will increase the likelihood that minority youth will participate in and benefit from vocational education. (SK)

Involuntary part-time workers (those who would prefer full-time jobs) account for most of the growth in part-time work since 1970. This increase appears to stem from employer demand for a low-wage, low-skill, flexible work force. (SK)

A longitudinal study collected data from 151 female and 130 male art students in 1963 and from 109 of females and 99 of males 18 years later. Males experienced generally continuous careers. Female career continuity was apparently not associated with individual qualities but with such situational and lifestyle factors as mother's career, young…

A study of female-male employment and earnings patterns in the Australian manufacturing sector (1911-36) and specifically the clothing and textile sector found that females were heavily discriminated against in areas dominated by males (such as leather goods). (JOW)