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Peer reviewedCourchesne, Eric – Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 1995
In a study by Toshiaki Hashimoto and colleagues (EC 611 142), 10 infants with developmental delay, poor eye contact, and poor facial expression underwent magnetic resonance brain imaging and were later diagnosed with autism. This offered direct evidence of abnormality of the cerebellar vermis and the brainstem at the beginning stages of behavioral…
Descriptors: Age, Anatomy, Autism, Child Development
Peer reviewedFarel, Paul B.; Hooper, Celia R. – Infants and Young Children, 1995
This review notes that more behavioral recovery is often seen following damage to the nervous system than should be possible from the limited capability of the nervous system for regeneration and reorganization. The review offers a framework for reconciling the effectiveness of early childhood intervention strategies and the conclusions of…
Descriptors: Behavior Development, Behavior Patterns, Biological Influences, Early Intervention
Peer reviewedStencel, John E. – Journal of College Science Teaching, 1992
Explains how a simple three-step algorithm can aid college students in solving synapse transmission problems. Reports that all of the students did not completely understand the algorithm. However, many learn a simple working model of synaptic transmission and understand why an impulse will pass across a synapse quantitatively. Students also see…
Descriptors: Algorithms, Anatomy, Biology, College Science
Peer reviewedSears, Lonnie L.; And Others – Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 1994
This study evaluated eye-blink conditioning in 11 persons with autism (ages 11 to 22). Compared to matched controls, persons with autism learned the task faster but performed short-latency, high-amplitude conditioned responses. Results suggest this population has the ability to rapidly associate paired stimuli but may have impairments in…
Descriptors: Autism, Classical Conditioning, Neurology, Paired Associate Learning
Peer reviewedNass, Ruth D. – Annals of Dyslexia, 1993
This review of the male preponderance in the prevalence of learning disabilities examines such factors as gender-related etiology differences and learning style differences; complications of pregnancy and infancy; effects of male hormones on the nervous system; and sex differences in maturity rates. (JDD)
Descriptors: Cognitive Style, Etiology, Genetics, Incidence
Peer reviewedVan Balen, H. G. G.; Van Limbeek, J.; De Mey, H. R. A. – International Journal of Rehabilitation Research, 1997
Forty neuropsychologists, neurologists, psychiatrists, and physiatrists identified neurologically relevant items (NRIs) in the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory-2 (MMPI-2). Raters identified four sets of NRIs: one for brain damage in general and three partially overlapping sets for stroke, traumatic brain damage, and whiplash.…
Descriptors: Clinical Diagnosis, Head Injuries, Interrater Reliability, Neurological Impairments
Peer reviewedHaile, J. M. – Chemical Engineering Education (CEE), 1998
Explores what is meant by an understanding of technical material. Proposes five levels of understanding and focuses on descriptions of brain function and structure at the third level. (DDR)
Descriptors: Brain Hemisphere Functions, Cognitive Psychology, Elementary Secondary Education, Higher Education
Peer reviewedBlanchard, Yvette; Mouradian, Laurie – Infants and Young Children, 2000
This article provides an overview of the evaluation process in early intervention and describes the integration of concepts based on neurobehavior into the eligibility evaluation of the very young child. Neurobehavioral models are described and an example illustrates how the integration of neurobehavioral concepts can result in a better…
Descriptors: Behavior Patterns, Child Behavior, Clinical Diagnosis, Disabilities
Peer reviewedSheldon, Jane P. – Teaching of Psychology, 2000
Describes an activity for use in an introductory psychology course in which students collaborate and apply their neuroanatomy knowledge to three case studies. Provides a table with descriptions of and possible answers for the three case studies and discusses the students' responses. (CMK)
Descriptors: Anatomy, Case Studies, Class Activities, Cooperative Learning
Peer reviewedFilipek, Pauline A.; Accardo, Pasquale J.; Baranek, Grace T.; Cook, Edwin H., Jr.; Dawson, Geraldine; Gordon, Barry; Gravel, Judith S.; Johnson, Chris P.; Kallen, Ronald J.; Levy, Susan E.; Minshew, Nancy J.; Prizant, Barry M.; Rapin, Isabelle; Rogers, Sally J.; Stone, Wendy L.; Teplin, Stuart; Tuchman, Roberto F.; Volkmar, Fred R. – Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 1999
This paper presents detailed recommendations for diagnosis of autism established by a multidisciplinary panel of the Child Neurology Society and the American Academy of Neurology. The paper offers dual-level (general development and specific symptoms) guidelines for diagnosis of autistic disorder, Asperger disorder, childhood disintegrative…
Descriptors: Autism, Clinical Diagnosis, Disability Identification, Early Identification
Bruer, John T. – Phi Delta Kappan, 1999
Debunks the "myth of the first three years"--notions about synaptic density changes, critical periods, and "enriched" or complex environments in early brain development. Neuroscientists say synaptic densities vary over the life span. There is no linear connection between number of synapses in the brain and brainpower or intelligence. (Contains 44…
Descriptors: Brain, Child Development, Cognitive Development, Developmental Stages
Direct linkLeslie, Julian C.; Shaw, David; Gregg, Gillian; McCormick, Nichola; Reynolds, David S.; Dawson, Gerard R. – Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior, 2005
Learning and memory are central topics in behavioral neuroscience, and inbred mice strains are widely investigated. However, operant conditioning techniques are not as extensively used in this field as they should be, given the effectiveness of the methodology of the experimental analysis of behavior. In the present study, male C57Bl/6 mice,…
Descriptors: Animals, Reinforcement, Operant Conditioning, Intervals
Peer reviewedLaurent, Amy C.; Rubin, Emily – Topics in Language Disorders, 2004
As positive outcomes for children and adolescents with either Asperger syndrome or high-functioning autism are related to the development of social communicative competence, recognition of the developmental capacities that contribute to this achievement is essential. Although social communication skills play a central role, developmental…
Descriptors: Adolescents, Children, Autism, Asperger Syndrome
Heinrichs, R. Walter – American Psychologist, 2005
Cognitive tasks and concepts are used increasingly in schizophrenia science and treatment. Recent meta-analyses show that across a spectrum of research domains only cognitive measures distinguish a majority of schizophrenia patients from healthy people. Average effect sizes derived from common clinical tests of attention, memory, language, and…
Descriptors: Schizophrenia, Effect Size, Neurology, Schemata (Cognition)
Ergorul, Ceren; Eichenbaum, Howard – Learning & Memory, 2004
Previous studies have indicated that nonhuman animals might have a capacity for episodic-like recall reflected in memory for "what" events that happened "where" and "when". These studies did not identify the brain structures that are critical to this capacity. Here we trained rats to remember single training episodes, each composed of a series of…
Descriptors: Neurology, Cues, Spatial Ability, Neurological Impairments
