Discusses the etiology of food sensitivities and their relationship to the counseling profession and presents practical counseling strategies for intervention and remediation. Includes sections on the client predicament, stimulatory and withdrawal symptoms, identifying food addiction, psychosocial factors, a case study, and a conclusion.…

Examines the relationship between gender, sex role, and narcissism. Data indicated that males and masculine individuals were not higher in their levels of maladaptive narcissism, that an adjusted narcissism was more obvious in males and in masculine subjects, and that femininity appeared to inhibit the display of an unhealthy exploitative…

Although the goals of critical thinking are to foster critical ability and broad-mindedness, it tends to encourage absolutism, promote passivity, and breed intolerance. The current concentration on critical thinking's reductionism should be balanced with the teaching of alternative approaches to understanding knowledge and reality. (Author/LB)

Uses systems perspective to analyze psychological and social forces which may limit support that families who are losing their farms seek from their neighbors and that their neighbors offer them. Discusses nonhelp intended as help, blaming victims, farm community values, and other factors that make farm family in crisis pull back from neighbors.…

Identified and validated two subgroups in group of 53 persons with spinal cord injury by applying cluster-analytic procedures to subjects' self-reported coping and health locus of control belief scores. Cluster 1 coped less effectively and tended to be psychologically distressed; Cluster 2 subjects emphasized internal health attributions and…

Examined whether status would affect avoidance of personal space invasions. Drinking behavior of male passersby at water fountain in administration building was recorded while either low status, high status, or no confederate stood near fountain. Results showed a significantly lower rate of drinking when high status confederate stood nearby than…

Elucidates the nature of rumor and its major predictors--personal anxiety, general uncertainty, credulity, and topical importance--from a contextual perspective. Discusses how these factors affect and predict rumor generation and transmission, and presents five general principles of rumor management. (MM)

Investigated the change processes that laypersons and psychologists reported using to overcome psychological distress. Interpersonal relationships and willpower strategies were employed commonly in both samples; medication was used infrequently. Gender, education, and previous treatment were related to coping processes among laypersons. Relative…

Through a case history of the author's experiences as one of the first female civilian faculty members at a United States military academy, describes the debilitating psychological effects of tokenism on an individual. (Author/GC)

Two studies on college students determined the physical effects of responding to questions while taking a walking/running treadmill test. Effects on heart rate, rating of perceived exertion, and time to voluntary exhaustion were observed. Results are discussed. (Author/DF)

Although direct behavioral control by the early learning system wanes, the adult learning system seems to be structured at least partially through the lasting influence of infantile experience. Under (hormonal) stress, residues of early experience are reinstated and incorporated into adult memory where they directly control behavior. (Author/LMO)

Results of a statistical analysis of a study of battered wives in shelters indicated that the wives' economic dependence on their husbands almost always ensured that they would return to their husbands and that respondents who considered the shelters useful had a higher probability of returning to their husbands. (Author)

Using longitudinal data gathered between 1966 and 1981, parent-reported fears of 49 university preschool children were examined with particular attention given to age changes and sex differences. Categories of types of fears reported by Jersild and Holmes (1933) determined a substantial increase in preschool children's fears of the dark, being…

Describes the development of a behavior-anchored scale to measure career indecision and presents the relationship of the behavioral scale to other career indecision and psychological measures. (Author)

Examined social and psychological factors related to suicide, using a sample of primitive societies from the Human Relations Area Files. Results showed suicide prevalence was high where the society is stable agricultural, expects either very restrained or very open emotional expression, and emphasizes individual pride and shame. (JAC)