The processes involved in learning to read and write are described and analyzed using a behavioral-engineering approach. A theoretical model of the learning process is presented and supported by discussions of learning as a discriminative process, of learning modalities, stimulus processing, and information processing during reading and writing.…

This volume contains criterion referenced tests to be used in a Spanish-English bilingual second grade. These tests are based on pictures and word lists and are designed to evaluate the student's pronunciation. (CFM)

In 1975, the Georgia Department of Education completed development of criterion-referenced reading tests for grades four and eight. These tests were administered on a statewide basis for the first time in the spring of 1976. Objectives used in the construction of the test were selected on the basis of priorities assigned by 50,000 reading…

Stability of performance on a criterion referenced reading test was examined for 413 students in grades one through six. The test, which measures 367 behavioral reading objectives, was administered twice to each student, with an interval of at least three weeks between the first and second administrations. Three statistical indices of permanence…

A detailed analysis of standard setting and criteria for test scores and educational decisions is presented. The author contends that present procedures are in need of re-examination. (JKS)

A criterion-reference checklist of perceptual-motor and language skills designed to identify specific skills in 21 developmentally handicapped preschoolers (3-6 years old) was developed. (Author/BD)

This study compared the criterion-related validity of interest inventories measuring basic types of interests. A significant characteristic of reports based on same-sex norms is they suggest similar vocational options to males and females. The other reporting procedures typically suggest options traditional for a person's sex. (Author)

Problems which arise when criterion referenced test results are used to evaluate the effects of an elementary school reading program are discussed. Topics include: alternative methods of analyzing test results, sensitivity of the instrument to program outcomes, and comparison of criterion referenced and norm referenced achievement test data.…

Competency-based vocational education is based on the following three essentials: specifying job-related tasks in advance, providing instruction in the tasks, and measuring and certifying that students can perform the tasks. This article focuses on measuring and certifying student competencies by addressing several related questions. (BM)

The items of the Florida minimal competency test have never been validated as measures of "survival skills," and the pass/fail standards were set mindlessly and capriciously. (Author/IRT)

Discussed in relation to career education for handicapped students are advantages and disadvantages of four types of measurement: applied performance testing, criterion validity studies, product vs. process measurement, and criterion vs. norm-referenced measurement. Available from: Division on Career Development, The Council for Exceptional…

Review the progress and refinement of educational assessment during the past 40 years. Discusses the dynamic effects of the interaction between persons in various fields of educational practice and persons specializing in educational evaluation. Mentions adoption by the U.S. Army of psychological and educational tests for purposes of selection and…

One hundred and sixty-three undergraduate seniors rated various aspects of their first experience with a criterion referenced grading system in an educational psychology course. Chi square analyses were used to identify different attitudes between groups across semesters, sex of students, and classes of varying size. (Author/NQ)

Investigates the reading-writing relationship, emphasizing theories postulating identicality of knowledge use. Administered four reading measures and eight writing measures to second and fifth graders and found few correlations between reading and writing variables. Suggests little improvement arises from combining reading and writing or from…