Many early educators struggle with how to address challenging behaviors that they feel are persistent, and in fact, challenging behavior is identified as teachers' most pressing training need. Feeling unprepared to prevent and intervene on challenging behavior can lead to increased teacher stress, burnout, and turnover. In the most extreme…

Preknowledge cheating jeopardizes the validity of inferences based on test results. Many methods have been developed to detect preknowledge cheating by jointly analyzing item responses and response times. Gaze fixations, an essential eye-tracker measure, can be utilized to help detect aberrant testing behavior with improved accuracy beyond using…

Failure is often taken as a given in higher education, as an inevitable part of learning new things. Yet, it remains a part of learning that students tend to fear, and faculty tend to neglect. As faculty, we do not always strategize with or leverage our students' struggles and failures for improved learning. Instead, we hope that students learn…

Hate speech may be the research focus of the interdisciplinary field of hate studies, but it is also a difficult phenomenon to define. Internationally, there are several detection studies on automatically detecting hate speech. They can be grouped according to two approaches: the first includes searching using only machine learning methods, while…

Research suggests that there is a high prevalence of interpersonal violence and victimisation within the autistic population, and that this accounts for poor mental health outcomes. This study aimed to examine the impact of interpersonal violence and victimisation on autistic adults from their own perspective and explore what helps or hinders…

Research consistently shows that autistic adults do not attend to faces as much as non-autistic adults. However, this conclusion is largely based on studies using pre-recorded videos or photographs as stimuli. In studies using real social scenarios, the evidence is not as clear. To explore the extent to which differences in findings relate to…

Our purpose in this article is to examine the subjective processes of researchers while becoming conscious during the investigation of infants and toddlers (I/Ts) in educational settings. Based on the intertwining between Cultural-historical Psychology and Ethnography in Education, we followed a group of I/Ts at a Brazilian Early Childhood…

Previous research on issues of social equity in funding distributions across institutions of higher education has pointed to reputation and administrative capacity biases in peer reviews of proposals, among other concerns. Further research is needed to identify what contributes to perceived biases and enables institutions to signal competitiveness…

The current expansion of hate speech in different areas of public life poses a challenge for educators committed to developing their praxis from an intercultural approach. In this sense, the social privileges enjoyed by part of the population are exploited through these discourses with political and economic objectives that are incompatible with…

Sexual health education experienced by lesbian, gay, and bisexual (LGB) youth varies widely in relevancy and representation. However, associations among sexual orientation, type of sex education, and exposure to affirming or disaffirming content have yet to be examined. Understanding these patterns can help to address gaps in LGB-sensitive sex…

This ethnographic study examines a girls-only summer maker program designed to empower girls who learned to use power tools to build their own designs. Drawing from theories of identity construction within figured worlds, the article shows how girls in the program authored themselves into roles that run counter to patriarchal notions of making and…

Teen dating violence (TDV) is an ongoing epidemic in the United States. Subsequently, gender symmetry regarding the experience and perpetration of violence continues to be a prevalent debate in American society. TDV is a clinical concern that can impact clients' safety; therefore, counselors must be adequately trained and cognizant of any biases…

Our objective was to estimate disparities in binge drinking among secondary school students in California at the intersection of gender identity, race, and ethnicity, without aggregating racial and ethnic categories. We combined two years of the statewide middle and high school California Healthy Kids Survey (n = 951,995) and regressed past month…

Previous studies on value-driven attentional capture (VDAC) have demonstrated that the uncertainty of reward value modulates attentional allocation via associative learning. However, it is unclear whether such attentional exploration is executed based on the amount of potential reward information available for refining value prediction or the…

The samples of evidence we use to make inferences in everyday and formal settings are often subject to selection biases. Two property induction experiments examined group and individual sensitivity to one type of selection bias: sampling frames - causal constraints that only allow certain types of instances to be sampled. Group data from both…