Retrieval dynamics in recognition memory for paired-associates learned by rote repetition or visual imagery mnemonics are studied with Reed's response signal method. The use of visual imagery resulted in higher asymptotic accuracy as expected, but somewhat slower retrieval dynamics initially. (Author/RM)

Using a traditional learning paradigm, an attempt was made to evaluate a variety of approaches for inducing relaxation and the consequent effect upon retention in short and long-term memory. Available from: Society for Suggestive-Accelerative Learning and Teaching, 2740 Richmond Avenue, Des Moines, Iowa 50319. (CFM)

A free association technique was used to investigate the semantic structure of three forms of encoding: verbal, visual imagery, and kinesthetic imagery. Discusses the relevance of these findings to creativity and the concept of semantic memory. (Editor/RK)

It has been demonstrated that instructions to learn have no effect on immediate recall in the incidental learning paradigm used by Jenkins (1974). This research further investigated this finding by factorially manipulating recall instructions (incidental vs. intentional learning), presentation rate of materials, retention interval, and type of…

Predicts that ill-established cerebral dominance, as indicated by the problems of cross-laterality, would be related both to a limitation in information processing "irrespective of the type of information" (probably manifesting itself even with relatively small amounts of information) and significantly to reading retardation. (Author/RK)

First- and third-grade children were tested under six different instruction conditions which varied in how explicitly they cued a rehearsal strategy in a self-paced sequential-memory task. The type of strategy adopted was monitored with study time and overt verbalization measures. (JMB)

This study was designed to test the hypothesis that coding used for recall is a dynamic process that changes in accordance with operational structures. Fifty male and female university students participated in two task sessions: (1) Formal operations and recall and (2) recall one month later. Significant correlations supported the basic…

Reviews different structures and techniques of knowledge representation: structure of database records and files, data structures in computer programming, syntatic and semantic structure of natural language, knowledge representation in artificial intelligence, and models of human memory. A prototype expert system that makes use of some of these…

Hypothesizes that good spellers read by full cues while poor spellers read by partial cues, and also investigates short term memory differences between the two groups. Finds good spellers were faster readers, better at identifying matches and mismatches between similar nonsense words, and had better short term memories than poor spellers. (SKC)

Investigation of two- to four-year-olds' (N=20) understanding of temporal terms indicated that children were more likely to understand sentences using simple tasks, materials, and commands than more complicated sentences used in previous research. (Author/CB)

The keyword and context methods of learning new vocabulary were compared using university students as subjects. The keyword method was substantially better for recall of definitions when provided, but it was not significantly better on the free recall task. (LMO)

Assessed degree to which anxiety, hostility, depression, and metamemory predicted recall performance on word list and prose passage. Results from 65 older and 65 younger adults indicated different patterns of personality predictors and some consistent metamemory predictors across tasks. Different measures of anxiety related differently to…

Patients with mild dementia of the Alzheimer's type (DAT), patients with major depression, and normal control subjects completed the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS) Digit Symbol test of incidental memory. Though mild DAT and depressed patients had equivalent deficits in psychomotor speed, DAT patients recalled fewer digit-symbol items.…

This critique of E.D. Hirsch's book, "Cultural Literacy: What Every American Needs to Know," argues that because Hirsch confuses memorized facts with learned facts, he ignores the importance of constructing meaning and fails to realize that students will not remember what they do not understand. (TE)

This article is E.D. Hirsh's response to a foregoing critique of his book "Cultural Literacy: What Every American Needs to Know." He argues that the distorted image depicted by Estes, Gutman, and Harrison obscures the promise of the cultural literacy initiative to improve learning in our schools. (TE)