Examined 2 constructs pertaining to male gender role in relation to indices of psychological well-being among 190 male college students. Found that scores on Gender Role Conflict Scale were not related to masculinity scores, gender-role conflict was negatively related to most measures of psychological well-being, and there were two independent…

Describes how teachers and students responded to the war effort during the 1940s, noting the significance of that response today. Several short articles from the 1940s discuss specific methods of promoting patriotism at home and boosting morale abroad. (SM)

In nonindustrialized countries, populations with the lowest literacy rates have the poorest health. Proposes research exploring the relationship between illiteracy or impaired literacy and health status in the United States. Calls for development of non-literacy-dependent materials for patient education, obtaining informed consent, and…

The study found that apartheid impacted the sociopsychological and physical circumstances of 12 African and 11 White people with retinitis pigmentosa in South Africa. Findings are discussed in terms of onset of condition, effects on subjects' lives, knowledge of social services, and needs unmet by existing services. (JDD)

Interviews with 183 mothers of refugee families indicated a considerable range of stress-related reactions among displaced children, including sleeping and eating disorders, separation fears, and withdrawal or aggression. Children exhibited a significantly higher incidence of stress reactions if their mothers had difficulty coping with the stress…

Examined parent involvement during childhood/adolescence as it influences child's well-being. Longitudinal data revealed that children's (n=762) perceptions of maternal and paternal behavioral and emotional involvement were equally important for well-being of girls and boys. Results suggest that relationships with parents are more telling for…

Given the realities of contemporary American life, there are six challenges that will face leisure service providers in the year 2000 and beyond: impact of multiculturalism, environmental concerns, leisure education and values-oriented play, conflict in leisure service goals and strategies, agency coordination and professional development, and…

A tool called the Family Hierarchy of Equilibrium was developed to assess the configuration and balance of significant factors in the lives of families participating in early intervention programs. Critical life factors assessed include parent educational level, mental/physical health, alcohol/drug use, adult/child abuse, nutrition, housing, and…

A study of 243 Chinese employed parents in dual-earner families in Hong Kong found that parental overload was related to family-work conflict, which was moderated by spousal support. Family-work conflict was negatively related to job and life satisfaction. Coping behaviors were largely ineffective. (SK)

Describes two exercises that convey the ways in which social biases influence adult development and aging: (1) involves sorting pictures of people by age illustrating the diversity of opinions about how to divide the life span; and (2) demonstrates how physical and social factors shape individual well-being in old age. (DSK)

Describes child and human development as an eco-cultural project. Focuses particular attention to early development of trust and attachment relationships and the age 5-to-7 transition, wherein cultural goals and psychological well-being are achieved despite limited resources and socioeconomic constraints. (JPB)

Compared psychosocial outcomes for mothers and their infants who had been delivered vaginally or by planned or unplanned cesarean deliveries. Found that women low in neuroticism who delivered by unplanned cesarean showed less positive affect toward infants at 4 months than did women in other groups. Found some evidence that maternal appraisal of…

Examines the relation of being labeled as intellectually gifted to a mid-life appraisal of having lived up to one's abilities and to psychological well-being at age 80. Learning at a younger age of membership in a study of intellectual giftedness was related to less likelihood of believing that one has lived up to one's intellectual abilities at…

Examines the effects of family structure transitions on adolescents' physical health, thoughts of suicide, mental health, relational well-being, and employment situation. Responses from 2,517 young people, representing four family structures, indicate that such transitions have significant long-term effects on a number of adolescent well-being…

Psychological well-being and self-esteem were studied for 356 Gaza, Palestinian, Israeli Bedouin Arab, and Israeli Jewish high school students before and after the signing of the Israeli-Palestinian Autonomy Agreement. Psychopathology was highest among Gaza youth, who also showed the lowest self-esteem. In spite of changing political conditions,…