The purpose of this study is to review and analyse historical research related to changes brought on by globalisation in Australian academic libraries. Using relevant literature, this study examines the role of academic librarians in internationalising their own experiences and perspectives for the purpose of improving library, instructional and service activities. In some cases, this has in turn led to increased participation by librarians in institutional leadership such as planning and implementing international education in their own institutions, as well as increased participation in international organisations and partnerships. This article is part one of a larger study; part two will examine results from a survey of current practice. (Contains 79 notes.)