Learning about sexuality is a lifelong process that begins in childhood and continues through the lifespan. Through family and peer interactions and media sources, youth learn about sexuality and relationships, and develop their own values. The learning process and trajectory, however, may differ among youth from diverse cultures. In fact, differences in cultural values, identity, and experience as a minority person and unequal access to resources can influence sexual values and behavior, perhaps leading to increased risk of negative consequences of sexual behavior. Across ethnic and racial groups, there are a variety of important risk and protective factors related to sexual behaviors and outcomes. For instance, among youth from Latino and Black cultures, there is significantly less communication in the home about sexuality compared to families in White cultures. As such, the school becomes an integral part of sexuality education, and for many youth from Latino and Black cultures, the only source of accurate information. Schools must tailor their sex education programs to fit the diverse needs of their students. This article highlights the importance of understanding culture-specific sexual values and behavior to develop and implement sex education programs that are effective for youth from Latino and Black cultures. (Contains 4 online resources.)