Objective: To investigate whether a perception of responsibility for disease onset and self-blame might influence disease management in people with diabetes. Methods: Our survey assessed perceived responsibility for disease onset, self-blame, anger, social support, and disease management in a sample of 46 individuals with diabetes. Results: As perceptions of responsibility for disease onset increased, so did trait anger. Increases in trait anger were associated with increases in self-blame and negative social support, which were associated with the self-report of poorer disease management. Conclusions: Perceptions of responsibility and subsequent anger, self-blame, and negative social support may interfere with effective diabetes management.