In this chapter, the authors extend the ideas around the development of self-regulation and its impact on development by proposing a life-span, relational, public health model. They propose that the role of self-regulation should be understood across transitions from childhood to adulthood and through an individual and community perspective, including the relational process between the individual, the community, and contextual factors, such as the social determinants of health. These contextual factors may mediate or moderate the development of self-regulatory capacity across one's life span, influencing both individual and community health. Therefore, to ensure proper self-regulatory development, we must address the myriad external factors that undermine the development of self-regulation across the life span.