Living and learning in another country, primary conditions of the study abroad experience, are commonly associated with two fundamental outcomes. The first outcome is an increase in "external" connections, manifested through an increased ability to converse in another language and an increased understanding and sensitivity to another culture. The second outcome is an "internal" redirection, a deepening sense of identity and self-awareness. Study abroad experiences and their relationship to external educational goals have been studied extensively in terms of its effects on enhancing foreign language acquisition as well as cultural awareness and intercultural relationships. In contrast, research addressing higher education goals associated with internal effects have not yet been fully explored in terms of their connection to study abroad experiences. This study focuses on several elements of personal growth and internal development that are particularly salient during the college years. The study is a response to the call for greater understanding of the interior aspects of student development, as bound to significant experiences in the life of the college student, particularly the increasingly popular experience of study abroad. The authors' approach to gaining this understanding is to provide empirical evidence of the ways in which an international living and learning experience significantly enhances college student development in the areas of identity, faith, and vocational calling. Accordingly, their research hypothesis is that students who participate in study abroad programs experience significantly greater changes in faith, vocational calling, and identity development than do students who do not participate in such programs. Their findings suggest that many of these changes, in some fashion, do occur. Moreover, the findings suggest that the application of faith to daily living and decision-making increased for students who studied abroad and decreased for those students who did not study abroad. Their research demonstrates some of the potential effects of study abroad on identity development. (Contains 4 tables.)