Personal, Internet-connected technologies are becoming ubiquitous in the lives of students, and ubiquitous computing initiatives are already expanding in educational contexts. Historically in the field of education, the terms one-to-one (1:1) computing and ubiquitous computing have been interpreted in a number of ways and have at times been used interchangeably. This article examines the development of these computing initiatives in education, discusses the implications of ubiquitous computing for today's teaching and learning, and suggests future directions for ubiquitous computing. (Contains 1 table.)