The science curriculum in Malaysia emphasizes the acquisition of scientific skills, thinking skills, and the inculcation of scientific attitudes and noble values. Besides that, the acquisition of scientific and technological knowledge and its application to the natural phenomena and students' daily experiences are also equally emphasized. The purpose of this study was to gauge the logical thinking abilities namely conservational reasoning, proportional reasoning, controlling variables, combinatorial reasoning, probabilistic reasoning, and correlational reasoning among Form 4 students in the Interior Division of Sabah, Malaysia. This study was also aimed to ascertain if there is any significant difference in students' logical thinking abilities based on their gender and science achievement at lower secondary level. This was a non-experimental quantitative research and sample survey method was used to collect data. Samples were selected by using a two-stage cluster random sampling technique. Independent samples t-test and one-way ANOVA were used to test the stated null hypotheses at a specified significance level, [alpha] = 0.05. Research findings showed that the overall mean of students' logical thinking abilities were low. The mean score in percentages for all the subscales (except conservational reasoning) were lower than the overall mean. This research also revealed that up to 98% of the respondents were categorized at the concrete operational stage whereas only 2% were categorized at the transitional stage. Research findings also found that there was no significant difference in the mean of logical thinking abilities (except for conservational reasoning) based on students' gender. Nonetheless, a significant difference based on their science achievement at lower secondary level was found. This research finding brings some meaningful implications to those who are involved directly or indirectly in the curriculum development and implementation of science curriculum especially at the rural secondary schools of Sabah, Malaysia. (Contains 6 tables.)