A language program is a delicate and intricate system of interacting resources or components, which, like a biological ecology, is in a constant state of evolution and change. The interactive system making up the program's internal culture is connected ecologically to the external environment. The ecological model is introduced as a useful perspective on a language program, with examples given of the impact of change on program structure and functioning and of the interlocking decision areas for program development. Faculty are central to the culture, operation, and decision-making of the language program ecology and have a key role to play in interacting with changing student populations and other areas of program change. (Contains 1 note.)