In this chapter, the authors focus on teacher development as a collective and organizational issue. They begin with a brief review of conventional approaches to teacher workforce development and management, including current critiques of these efforts, their possible consequences, and an overview of the recent calls for more comprehensive, systemic approaches. A discussion on theoretical perspectives on strategic human resource management follows. The authors then examine how these theoretical perspectives apply to the development and management of teachers through several examples of innovative practice at the school, district, and state levels. The chapter concludes with a discussion of why using these perspectives to guide teacher development policy and practice may be difficult. (Contains 1 table.)