This cross-national empirical study examines superintendents' professional learning and leadership in Sweden and the United States. Based on a sociocultural perspective, the study highlights the superintendents' preferences for collaborative forms of learning for enhancing their professional knowledge and for building organizational capacity. Findings from the study underscore the importance of professional work as the primary opportunity to develop professional knowledge and practice, as well as the potential of collaborative forms of learning to create shared meaning and strengthen organizational capacity. (Contains 2 tables and 2 figures.)