This article analyses the unique challenges and needs of moral and citizenship education in post-war Peruvian society. It assumes the explanation of the roots, the facts and the enduring negative consequences of violence as described in the final report of the Comision de la Verdad y Reconciliacion (CVR) [Truth and Reconciliation Commission] presented to the country in 2003. Drawing on the argument made by the CVR, the paper begins by discussing the fundamental role that education played in the expansion of violence. Secondly, and within the framework of the CVR, the article undertakes an evaluation of the current state of Peruvian education, emphasising the role and main characteristics of moral and citizenship education within it. Through this examination, the many problems and challenges of moral education in contemporary Peruvian society are highlighted. Finally, the paper presents some general conclusions about the state of moral and citizenship education in Peru and the essential and delicate role it should have in a post-war society. (Contains 3 notes.)