Rising immigration in the United States has been accompanied by growth in the number of children from homes where a language other than English is spoken. Of utmost national concern is to provide the best possible program models and educational opportunities to address the diverse needs of this growing group of students. This article provides an overview of program organization issues related to the needs of elementary school English Language Learners (ELL). It discusses four most common program models, namely (1) Structured English Immersion; (2) English as a Second Language; (3) Bilingual Education; and (4) Dual Language.