Professional school counselors in the 21st century are challenged to respond to the individual needs of their students as well as responding to the needs of families and communities. In 2003, the American School Counseling Association's (ASCA) National Model addressed advocacy as one of its' themes. Counselors-in-training and professional school counselors' perceptions of what delineates advocacy, advocacy actions, advocacy skills and knowledge, and advocacy obligations were surveyed. (Contains 1 table.)