According to Gottfried, the growing and increasingly crass commercialization of American higher education is an amply documented phenomenon, and one that receives continuing empirical and anecdotal verification. It is, furthermore, a problem that draws notice from across the political spectrum, from social democrat Russell Jacobi to neoconservatives and libertarians, to the few paleoconservatives who still struggle to get by in the academy. As a result, universities are becoming "theme parks" and professors have begun to see themselves (or are urged by administrators to do so) as purveyors of customer service. He laments that higher education institutions that have the means to represent multiculturalism instead behave more or less like other profit-driven enterprises. Although blessed with ample endowment resources, many major American universities earmark very little for minority students. While the presidents of several Ivy League institutions profusely praised the federal appellate court that upheld the minority quota system enforced at the University of Michigan, in reality only 12 or 13 percent of Ivy League admissions are set aside for minorities.