Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) was used in this study to determine the extent to which teachers, principals, and superintendents perceive the leadership construct in the same way. The researchers found that the two-factor model fits the principal group and particularly the superintendent group better than does the four-factor model. The principals and particularly the superintendents appear to have a more tightly focused mental model of leadership than teachers. The test of structural invariance across the three groups indicated that there was configural and weak invariance, but not strong or strict invariance. It appears that the item-loading patterns and item loadings are invariant, but the intercepts are different, which suggests that the groups put different emphases on the importance of the factors. The study affirms the importance of determining and reporting the extent to which comparison groups share the same mental model for leadership.