Few academic debates are as contentious as those surrounding the Dead Sea Scrolls. These fragments of some 800 ancient documents include portions of all but one book of the Hebrew Bible. The first ones were discovered in 1947 by shepherds in caves on the northwestern shore of the Dead Sea, and are believed to be the oldest surviving Judaic manuscripts, dating back to 250 BC. But at the same time that the age of the scrolls has made them historically significant, it has also made the question of their authorship difficult to resolve. The early theory was that the Essenes, an ascetic Jewish sect that occupied Khirbet Qumran, the settlement where the scrolls were found, wrote the documents--or at least copied and assembled them. Since then a number of alternative theories have been proposed. In 1995, Norman Golb, a prominent religious-studies scholar at the University of Chicago, published a book advocating his alternative. The book, called "Who Wrote the Dead Sea Scrolls?," contended that the scrolls had been written by Jewish scholars in Jerusalem and then hidden away in the bowels of Qumran when Rome invaded the Holy Land in 70 AD. In a passage in the book's foreword, he credits his son Raphael Golb for playing a vital role in furthering the publication of several of his studies of the scrolls. On March 5, the New York City police arrested Raphael Golb on charges that he orchestrated an Internet campaign involving harassment and impersonation to discredit particular scholars. These researchers were attacked, apparently, because they disagreed with his father's theories about one of the most important discoveries in biblical archaeology. The arrest is the latest chapter in a nearly three-year saga during which an academic cyberbully has besieged museum officials and exhibition curators and assailed the integrity of Dead Sea Scrolls researchers--even triggering a university inquiry into plagiarism charges--using an army of aliases in e-mail messages, blogs, online discussion groups, and Wikipedia. This phantom has also muddied the waters of public debate over a collection of documents that are believed to be crucial to the understanding of Judaic biblical history. This article details how Raphael Golb's Web blogs led to his arrest.