This study compared attitudes, purposes, driving factors and barriers of using e-learning at an Argentinean and a Swedish university. Data from a questionnaire answered by 269 university teachers was analysed to discern similarities and differences in responses from Argentinean and Swedish teachers. The main conclusion of the study was that the responses from Swedish and Argentinean teachers were similar. However, some differences were discerned. Argentinean teachers stated communication with students and active student participation as more important driving factors than Swedish teachers. Lack of incentives and appreciation were stated as more important barriers among the Argentinean teachers. University teachers from both countries used e-learning tools for administrative rather than pedagogical purposes. One explanation of this finding might be that the transition towards actually teaching and learning with technology was experienced as too challenging. Based on the findings of the study, it could be concluded that there is a vital need of university teachers to receive support from implementers and colleagues in order to overcome the barriers of lack of time and knowledge of the pedagogical implications of e-learning. (Contains 4 tables and 2 notes.)