Objectives: To examine the association between health behavior indicators, school contentment, and academic achievement. Methods: Structural equation modeling with 5810 adolescents. Results: Our model explained 36% of the variance in academic achievement and 24% in school contentment. BMI and sedentary lifestyle were negatively related to school contentment and academic achievement, but physical activity was positively related to school contentment and academic achievement (P less than 0.01). School contentment was strongly related to academic achievement but only a weak mediator of the health behavior indicators. Conclusion: Findings may inform the efforts to improve academic achievement and the general health status of youth.