The No Child Left Behind Act (NCLB, 2001) is a landmark reform reauthorizing the Elementary and Secondary Education Act (ESEA, 1965). In its second year of implementation, NCLB is the most ambitious federal effort to raise student achievement in 38 years (Mathews, 2003). Its intent is to close achievement gaps among students who belong to minority groups, have disabilities, are economically disadvantaged or have limited English proficiency. Framers failed to foresee its impact on teacher retention. Teacher retention, while a historical issue, is now a problem of increasing magnitude. McGuinn (1957) stated that school board presidents listed teacher turnover as their most serious problem. In this article, the authors discuss the negative impact of NCLB on teacher retention.