Education in the fate of today's Russia was the topic of a scientific seminar titled "Philosophy, Education, and Society," held in the summer of 2007 in the city of Gagra by the editors of the journals "Voprosy filosofii" and "Pedagogika," the Moscow N.E. Bauman State Technical University, and the Russian Academy of Education. Philosophers, psychologists, and educators discussed a number of key problems: (1) Education in today's world--a tool of politics or an independent sociocultural factor?; (2) Education--a fee-charging service or the inalienable right of every person?; and (3) The needs of Russian society and the goals of the individual in education: civic education as a means of preserving the constitutional system and developing a civil society in Russia; the schools in a secular state, and religion; the transmission of culture and the development of the personality; the objective and subjective aspects in education and in science as a whole; social and individual experience in the content of education; and the role of the schoolteacher in the development of the contemporary individual. The work of the seminar proceeded in the form of a roundtable. This article presents the remarks of the participants.