A selective review of past and present neuropsychological research on savant skills is highlighted, including both empirical findings and theoretical accounts. Results from this research are then compared to extant results within the giftedness literature. Three major conclusions are taken from this review of the research: (a) savant skills are inextricably linked to autism spectrum disorders; (b) neuropsychological models of autism spectrum disorders may help to explain the raised incidence of savant skills in this population and provide promising directions for future research; and (c) neuropsychological research into savant skills may have direct implications for better understanding the neuroscience of giftedness, particularly as it relates to domain-specific skills (e.g., mathematics), as opposed to general (i.e., high IQ) giftedness. (Contains 2 tables.)