This article first attempts to supply a definition of peoples' identity as scientific as possible and takes a close look at the conditions that make creativity possible. The study of science history clearly indicates that the periods of great creativity were those when communication was sufficient to make remote partners stimulate one another but not to the point where exchanges would be easy enough to level their differences and oppose their diversity. Globalization and the strong will of the people who promote it to make the world uniform stifle cultural diversity and create conditions for a regression. Technoscience, which is wrongly considered as Science, is in the process of stifling true science, which aims to develop our understanding of nature. In a world of instant communications that naturally tend to lower differences, it is essential for us to reinforce identities and cultures if we want to stay original, to keep contributing to knowledge development, and working toward universality. (Contains 12 footnotes.)