District and building-level administrators are often responsible for the hiring and supervising of related services personnel. Thus, a deeper understanding of the personnel issues that exist in the related services disciplines becomes important. What we know about the supply and demand, professional preparation, and certification and licensure of school-based related services personnel: (1) School-based employment of personnel in audiology, occupational therapy, physical therapy, and speech-language pathology is an outgrowth of public school attendance of students with disabilities as mandated in the Individuals with Disabilities in Education Act (IDEA) and other federal, state, and local mandates; (2) There is a shortage of related service providers and paraprofessionals employed to work in schools; (3) Shortages vary by location and are more severe in some areas, and in some disciplines, than others; (4) Related service providers and paraprofessionals generally begin working in school-based settings lacking the necessary skills related to their school-based role; (5) Multiple factors contribute to attrition; (6) There is a greater need for collaboration across related services disciplines and para-professionals; (7) There are multiple avenues to obtain the qualifications necessary for employment in schools; (8) There are differences in certification and licensure requirements across the states; and (9) Changes in service delivery models have not been adequately addressed by changes in personnel preparation.