This paper deals with the developmental history and the current situation of special education in Korea. Special Education began in the late 1800s by the commitment of missionaries from the West. Special Education in Korea is well defined by the related laws and regulations; however, Special Education still needs lots of innovative efforts to proceed and realize what it originally aims. Special Education has developed a lot in quantity during the last few decades. In 2003, the Ministry of Education and Human Resources Development established a comprehensive plan about development of special education. Korea is entering a new phase of balanced social welfare. Current administration is very much concerned with the social integration. They are particularly interested in the welfare of the disadvantaged people. Most citizens in Korea believe that a society of equal opportunity, where no discrimination exists, might come. (Contains 5 tables.)