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ERIC Number: EJ805547
Record Type: Journal
Publication Date: 2007
Pages: 23
Abstractor: As Provided
ISBN: N/A
ISSN: ISSN-1554-4893
EISSN: N/A
Available Date: N/A
The Effects of Observational Training on the Acquisition of Reinforcement for Listening
Lawson, Tracy Reilly; Walsh, Darcy
Journal of Early and Intensive Behavior Intervention, v4 n2 p430-452 2007
Experiment 1 investigated the effects of observational training in a social listener reinforcement game on participants' conversational units in non-instructional settings. Experiment 2 tested the effects of multiple exemplar instruction on the development of "empathy." The participants who had reader/writer levels of verbal behavior were selected because they emitted a low number of speaker and listener exchanges with others and did not have empathy as measured in the study. In Experiment 1, data were collected on the number of sequelics, conversational units, "wh" questions, vocal approvals and vocal disapprovals during 5 minute probe sessions after meeting criterion on each objective of the listener reinforcement game. During intervention, the participants were required to engage in a speaker listener exchange through playing a yoked contingency game where they competed with the experimenter to teach several objectives including "I Spy", peer tutoring, textually responding and group instruction. Data showed that the total number of verbal interactions in non-instructional settings significantly increased for both participants. In Experiment 2 multiple exemplar instruction across questions was implemented to teach the participants empathy. The participants responded to 3 questions: "What happened?" "How does the person feel?" and "What could you do to help?" The results showed a significant increase in correct responses to empathy questions. (Contains 8 tables and 6 figures.)
Joseph Cautilli, Ph.D. & The Behavior Analyst Online Organization. 535 Queen Street, Philadelphia, PA 19147-3220. Tel: 215-462-6737; Web site: http://www.baojournal.com/
Publication Type: Journal Articles; Reports - Research
Education Level: Elementary Education
Audience: N/A
Language: English
Sponsor: N/A
Authoring Institution: N/A
Grant or Contract Numbers: N/A
Author Affiliations: N/A