When the Education for All Handicapped Children Act (now known as the Individuals With Disabilities Education Improvement Act [IDEA]) was initially passed in 1975, it indicated that districts were required to provide children in private schools with access to special education and related services, but it was unclear whether they were entitled to the same access as their public school peers. Each reauthorization of the law and the accompanying regulations has further clarified the obligation of the school district toward this population. However, there is still some degree of ambiguity regarding how far the obligation extends, as evidenced by the litigation related to this issue. The purpose of this article is to review the pertinent portions of the 2004 IDEA amendments, current IDEA regulations, and relevant litigation pertaining to the issue of parentally placed private school students. In addition, some examples of the ways in which the law is implemented in local school districts are discussed. A concluding summary and discussion concerning this policy is presented.