Research on moral behavior in children is sorely lacking in the behavioral literature. Yet, behavioral research documenting effective treatment of children with behavioral and emotional problems has often failed to generalize or to focus on moral behavior. Developmental psychologists have researched moral behavior and have provided models of moral development in children. The authors of this paper have reviewed this literature in an attempt to encourage behavioral researchers to critical evaluate the developmental literature in light of what it may have to offer in the area of moral behavior.