This review focused on the written and visual representation of the moon in 80 children's books, including Caldecott Medal and Honor books over the past 20 years. Results revealed that many of these books misrepresent the moon and even reinforce misconceptions about lunar phases. Teachers who use children's literature that misrepresents the moon may unwittingly promote or reinforce alternative conceptions. Thus, teachers, parents, and library media specialists should be aware of common misconceptions about the moon appearing in children's literature. Such misconceptions may cause students to develop misunderstandings about scientific concepts. Examples of errors in children's literature are discussed. (Contains 2 tables.)