Adaptation of internationally adopted children to another culture and language has not been studied extensively. This study followed four infant girls from China during the 1st year postadoption, measuring vocabulary, gestural, social, communication, and symbolic behavior development each month. The children were also tested at 2 and 3 years postadoption. Results indicated that each child demonstrated variability in prelinguistic communication and symbolic behaviors and demonstrated a significant drop in communication and symbolic behavior scores during the 6th, 7th, or 8th month postadoption. Also, receptive English vocabulary developed early and expressive vocabulary developed later during the first 12 months postadoption, and it remains difficult to predict if a child will catch up in communication development with non-adopted peers during the 2nd or 3rd year postadoption. These data will help guide clinical assessment decisions for internationally adopted children. (Contains 7 figures and 2 tables.)