Working with Romanian colleagues from the Institute of Public Health, Cluj-Napoca, Romania, researchers set out to discover what health promotion strategies and interventions were being used by Romanian health professionals, to find out who Romanian citizens learn healthy behaviors from, and to discover the perceived needs regarding health promotion which include; strengths, weaknesses, barriers, and enablers of healthy behavior. A quantitative survey examining health promotion activities, needs, and theoretical constructs was developed, translated and administered to thirty-eight health professionals recruited from five different counties in Transylvania. Following this survey, five focus sessions were conducted with small groups of health care professionals to elicit descriptive information concerning the health promotion activities, needs, and theoretical approaches currently in use. Health professional responses were analyzed using JMP statistical discovery software, version 4.0.2. Contingency analysis utilizing the Chi square statistic (Likelihood ratios and Pearson's coefficient) were ran for all variables. These are reported and include such items as types of health education/promotion professionals, contact hours with clients by type of professional, enablers of health promotion, barriers to health promotion, and health educators experience with western theories of health education and promotion. Our findings indicate that Romanian health promotion practices represent approaches and strategies that focus on the individual level and the intrapersonal dynamic. Based on this field research, current approaches put the responsibility for health behavior squarely on the individual. Consideration of other variables such as the environment, cultural differences, and the need for community action must be developed to continue improving the health education/promotion infrastructure in Romania, particularly in rural village settings. (Contains 3 tables and 3 figures.)[Abstract provided in both English, Spanish, and Romanian.]