This study evaluates the effectiveness of a tobacco education curriculum in increasing knowledge about tobacco, attitudes toward tobacco use, and intentions to use tobacco among elementary school children. A two-stage cluster sample was used to select a representative sample of 97 schools. Forty-nine schools were in the evaluation group and 48 schools were in the comparison group. One thousand seven hundred and forty-six third grade students participated in the study. The results indicate a significant increase in knowledge and attitude in posttest scores but no significant difference in intentions posttest scores. Most students never tried cigarettes, smokeless tobacco, or cigars (95%, 98%, and 98%, respectively). There were no significant differences between the evaluation and comparison groups for use of any tobacco products (p greater than 0.05). Boys were almost twice as likely to have tried cigarettes (p less than 0.05, OR 1.78) and almost three times as likely to have tried cigars (p less than 0.05, OR 2.52) than girls. (Contains 3 tables.)