The latest battle between India's increasingly successful haves and left-behind have-nots is playing out in the country's educational system. India's Supreme Court recently upheld a stay against a quota system for low-caste and historically oppressed Indians, who are officially called Other Backward Classes. The decision could halt quotas for central government-financed universities. Upper-caste Indians almost universally oppose the quota system and support the court's ruling, but lower-caste Indians and education activists call the decision a major blow to educational equality. This article examines how the new quota system would affect the different caste groups in India. The article also examines the perceptions of different caste groups on the Supreme Court's ruling.