This column from the English Learners department outlines a framework for robust literacy instruction for English learners--instruction that addresses the cognitive challenges of acquiring literacy, accounts for English learners' special language needs and abilities, and includes their unique cultural experiences. The framework consists of four complementary elements: explicit code and comprehension instruction, language-rich instruction, socioculturally informed instruction, and additive literacy instruction. Drawing on key research findings and successful classroom interventions, the author provides a brief rationale for each of these elements.