With the introduction of the latest national curriculum, using and applying mathematics retained its attainment target within the level descriptions, but the programme of study was integrated into the programmes of study for curriculum content (number, shape, space, and measures). This brought it in line with the national numeracy strategy, which does not identify using and applying mathematics as a separate topic. The KS1&2 working group have been exploring teachers' understanding of the place of AT1, "using and applying mathematics", now that use of the national numeracy strategy and the new national curriculum has been established in most primary schools. Members collected a range of informal data by talking to teachers in their schools, and in one case devising a simple questionnaire given to all the teachers in a small infant school. The questions asked by everyone related to the knowledge of the curriculum for using and applying mathematics, how using and applying mathematics was carried out in the classroom, and how it was assessed. Study results showed that all teachers seemed aware of much of the relevant curriculum for using and applying mathematics within the various curriculum documents. Teachers of both key stages focussed on problem solving when responding, as well as commenting on the difficulties of using realistic problems within the structure of the daily mathematics lesson. Foundation and KS1 teachers were also aware of the range of mathematics being used in other subject areas, while KS2 teachers had less opportunity to relate mathematics teaching to other areas of the curriculum. KS2 teachers did seem more aware that opportunities for reasoning and explaining within the numeracy strategy related to using and applying mathematics.