Quality education has always been a priority for UNESCO and its Member States--a priority that was reaffirmed at the Dakar World Education Forum in 2000. In this regard, the Director-General invited Ministers of Education to participate in a Ministerial Round-Table Meeting on Quality Education on 3 and 4 October 2003, during the thirty-second session of the UNESCO General Conference. The round-table provides a better understanding of the critical role of quality education, how it is perceived in various settings, and how it might be promoted by UNESCO and its Member States. Debates were organized around three main themes: (1) Challenges and dilemmas facing the quality of education; (2) The need for an expanded definition of the quality of education; and (3) Tools for change and improvement. This article presents the topics and questions that were discussed and debated by the ministers. In the round-table sessions, the ministers demonstrated a profound understanding of the broad nature and complexity of the quality of education. The round-table concluded with the adoption of a Ministerial Communique, which is also presented in this article.