This paper introduces various visual models for the analysis and description of learning processes. The models analyse learning on two levels: the dynamic level (as a process over time) and the functional level. Two types of model for dynamic modelling are proposed: the session trace, which documents a specific learner in a particular learning session; and the state diagram, which depicts the various stages which learners may encounter when they attempt to learn a new concept or solve a problem. A functional model is used to depict the flow of knowledge between various participants and objects in the learning process. The visual model adopted for functional modelling is based on the use of data-flow diagrams. A methodology for the construction of each type of model is presented and practical demonstrations of these are given. (Contains 10 figures.)