Education in schools that serve nationalities consisting of comparatively small populations is currently a focal topic in relation to academia and international organizations. The issue of cultural choice in the schools--whether the function of education in these schools is ultimately dissemination of modern mainstream culture or transmission of the nationality's own culture--is one of the most challenging and pragmatic issues facing the study of international diversification in education. In order to provide "Chinese experience" for the study of this international topic, and also to help solve some local practical problems, the author carried out a socioanthropological field study titled "Cultural Choice in Community Development and School Instruction." In this article, the author presents a relatively holistic, in-depth study of the function of education in the Yugur schools based on data from the field study and relevant secondary sources.