In the context of boys' declining academic achievement in schools in relation to girls, this article highlights some critical issues arising from the debate on boys' education. The emphasis is on the contribution of feminist analysis and other perspectives to broaden and contextualize the debate. This includes, for example, the need to carefully consider "which" boys aren't doing well rather than assuming all boys are having difficulty. Links between the "boy turn" and choice in educational markets, single-sex schooling, multiple sexualities, and the "feminization" of the teaching profession are also discussed. Not surprisingly, the issues are complex and multi-faceted and hence not well served by a "girls then, boys now" approach to conceptualizing policy, practice and research.