Although the US Supreme Court approved testing student athletes in 1995, and two years ago upheld an Oklahoma school system's right to randomly test students in extracurricular activities, schools nationally have not rushed to do it. A 2003 University of Michigan study found just 19% of secondary schools do some form of drug testing and most limit it to students suspected of illicit drug use. In this article, the author examines why random drug testing protocols are not being adopted by most schools.